{"id":336191,"date":"2025-12-19T15:47:58","date_gmt":"2025-12-19T14:47:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/?page_id=336191"},"modified":"2026-03-25T10:59:48","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T09:59:48","slug":"legal-sciences-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Legal Sciences"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Coordinator<\/strong><br \/>\nProf. Elena Bargelli<br \/>\nemail: elena.bargelli@unipi.it<\/p>\n<p><strong>Administrative seat<\/strong><br \/>\nDepartment of Law<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Project description<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The PhD in <strong>Legal Sciences<\/strong> aims to develop doctoral students\u2019 research potential through three core components: structured training activities, active participation in PhD programme projects, and a mandatory three-month research period abroad.<\/p>\n<p>To effectively achieve these goals, the programme is structured into four Curricula, which combine an interdisciplinary approach with specialised training tailored to each pathway of the PhD programme. The four Curricula are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Administration, Market, and Criminal Justice<\/li>\n<li>Private Law and Comparative Private Law, Labour Law, European Legal Tradition<\/li>\n<li>Business, International Law, European Union Law, Civil Procedure<\/li>\n<li>Theory of Fundamental Rights, Constitutional Justice, Comparative Law, Law and Religion<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Each year, the Curricula offer training activities including lectures focused on one or more general subjects (for the 41st cycle, see below), as well as seminars and conferences. Doctoral students are actively engaged through Q&amp;A sessions for each lecture or seminar, and through opportunities to present or speak at seminars and conferences, with the aim of enhancing public speaking skills.<\/p>\n<p>Curricula also support and monitor individual research through regular meetings and discussions between PhD candidates and lecturers associated with the curriculum concerning the progress of their thesis work.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to curriculum-specific activities, the programme includes cross-disciplinary training activities: inaugural lectures marking the start of the academic year (held between November and December each year), courses on legal research methodology, and academic conferences. The activities proposed by the Curricula and the Academic Board are complemented by centrally coordinated initiatives offered by the University to all PhD students that include language skills (Academic English Speaking and Writing), public presentation skills, Responsible Research and Innovation, and the use of Open-Source technologies. International experience is a key component of the programme. Supervisors and co-supervisors are encouraged to promote extended research stays abroad where relevant to the doctoral research, including the establishment of joint supervision agreements (<em>cotutelle<\/em>) with foreign universities. These allow for collaboration with an international supervisor and may lead to a double PhD degree (Italian and foreign degree). The involvement of international lecturers is also encouraged during thesis defences and in the awarding of the <em>Doctor Europaeus<\/em> qualification.<\/p>\n<p>From the 41st cycle onward, internationalisation efforts will be further strengthened through participation in competitive European funding calls designed to create PhD networks spanning multiple European universities.<\/p>\n<p>The programme also promotes the enrolment of international candidates. Over the past two years, this has been achieved by adopting a single admission procedure based solely on an oral examination. Additional access for foreign candidates is possible under Article 11 of the University\u2019s PhD Regulations, which allows for over-quota admissions.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The objectives of the PhD in <strong>Legal Sciences<\/strong> are structured around four key areas:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Developing individual research skills in the field of law<\/li>\n<li>Enhancing public speaking abilities<\/li>\n<li>Refining written communication of legal arguments<\/li>\n<li>Fostering the ability to engage with foreign legal systems through international research periods (potentially leading to a double degree via <em>cotutelle<\/em> agreements)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The ultimate goal, which brings together the four aims outlined above, is to train individuals capable of critically analysing sources and making effective use of legal research tools, identifying and solving legal problems, presenting legal issues and research findings in academic discussions, and producing written work that demonstrates terminological precision, clarity of reasoning, solid bibliography, and originality of thought and results.<\/p>\n<p>Internationalisation \u2014 as outlined in the project description \u2014 further enhances these objectives through engagement with foreign academic contexts, sources and lecturers.<\/p>\n<p>The development of methodological rigour and critical thinking is aimed at strengthening skills that are transferable to a range of professional contexts, including academic careers, the judiciary, legal professions, senior roles in public administration, businesses, and other productive sectors (see below).<\/p>\n<p>The PhD also contributes to the objectives of Italy\u2019s National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Curricula<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Private and Comparative Private Law, Labour Law, European Legal Tradition<\/li>\n<li>Theory of Fundamental Rights, Constitutional Justice, Comparative Law<\/li>\n<li>Business, International and EU Law, Civil Procedure<\/li>\n<li>Administration, Market and Criminal Justice<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Scientific-disciplinary areas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Agricultural Law<\/p>\n<p>Administrative Law<\/p>\n<p>Canon and Ecclesiastical Law<\/p>\n<p>Commercial Law<\/p>\n<p>Constitutional Law<\/p>\n<p>Labour Law<\/p>\n<p>Economic Law<\/p>\n<p>European Union Law<\/p>\n<p>International Law<\/p>\n<p>Criminal Law<\/p>\n<p>Private Law<\/p>\n<p>Comparative Private Law<\/p>\n<p>Civil Procedural Law<\/p>\n<p>Criminal Procedural Law<\/p>\n<p>Comparative Public Law<\/p>\n<p>Roman Law and Law of Antiquity<\/p>\n<p>Tax Law<\/p>\n<p>Philosophy of Law<\/p>\n<p>Public Law Institutions<\/p>\n<p>History of Medieval and Modern Law<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/phocadownload\/regolamentiallegati\/regoscienzegiuridiche.pdf\"><strong>Internal Regulations of the PhD Programme in Legal Sciences<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Website<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/web.jus.unipi.it\/formazione-post-lauream\/attivita-del-dottorato-di-ricerca\/\">http:\/\/web.jus.unipi.it\/formazione-post-lauream\/attivita-del-dottorato-di-ricerca\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Coordinator Prof. Elena Bargelli email: elena.bargelli@unipi.it Administrative seat Department of Law &nbsp; Project description The PhD in Legal Sciences aims to develop doctoral students\u2019 research potential through three core components: structured training activities, active participation in PhD programme projects, and a mandatory three-month research period abroad. To effectively achieve these goals, the programme is structured [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":55,"featured_media":0,"parent":467022,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"default-template.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-336191","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Legal Sciences ~ UNIPI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Legal Sciences ~ UNIPI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Coordinator Prof. Elena Bargelli email: elena.bargelli@unipi.it Administrative seat Department of Law &nbsp; Project description The PhD in Legal Sciences aims to develop doctoral students\u2019 research potential through three core components: structured training activities, active participation in PhD programme projects, and a mandatory three-month research period abroad. To effectively achieve these goals, the programme is structured [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"UNIPI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unipisaofficial\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-25T09:59:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/\",\"name\":\"Legal Sciences ~ UNIPI\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-19T14:47:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-25T09:59:48+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/home\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Legal Sciences\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/\",\"name\":\"UNIPI\",\"description\":\"UNIPI\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"UNIPI\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/Raggruppa-3020.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/Raggruppa-3020.svg\",\"width\":176,\"height\":64,\"caption\":\"UNIPI\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unipisaofficial\/\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/unipisa\/\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Legal Sciences ~ UNIPI","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Legal Sciences ~ UNIPI","og_description":"Coordinator Prof. Elena Bargelli email: elena.bargelli@unipi.it Administrative seat Department of Law &nbsp; Project description The PhD in Legal Sciences aims to develop doctoral students\u2019 research potential through three core components: structured training activities, active participation in PhD programme projects, and a mandatory three-month research period abroad. To effectively achieve these goals, the programme is structured [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/","og_site_name":"UNIPI","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unipisaofficial\/","article_modified_time":"2026-03-25T09:59:48+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/","url":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/","name":"Legal Sciences ~ UNIPI","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-12-19T14:47:58+00:00","dateModified":"2026-03-25T09:59:48+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/education\/courses\/phd-programmes\/legal-economic-and-political-social-sciences\/legal-sciences-3\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"","item":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/home\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Legal Sciences"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/","name":"UNIPI","description":"UNIPI","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/#organization","name":"UNIPI","url":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/Raggruppa-3020.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/Raggruppa-3020.svg","width":176,"height":64,"caption":"UNIPI"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/unipisaofficial\/","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/unipisa\/"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/336191","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/55"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=336191"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/336191\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":336192,"href":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/336191\/revisions\/336192"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/467022"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=336191"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}