{"id":509692,"date":"2026-05-19T11:09:24","date_gmt":"2026-05-19T09:09:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/news\/sotto-la-sabbia-un-esercito-invisibile-fa-fiorire-le-dune\/"},"modified":"2026-05-29T13:02:03","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T11:02:03","slug":"beneath-the-sand-an-invisible-army-helps-the-dunes-flourish","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/en\/news\/beneath-the-sand-an-invisible-army-helps-the-dunes-flourish\/","title":{"rendered":"Beneath the sand, an invisible army helps the dunes flourish"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Coastal sand dunes<\/strong>, environments that may appear arid and hostile, conceal an <strong>extraordinary biological complexity<\/strong> <strong>beneath the surface<\/strong>. A new study published in <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40793-026-00858-y\"><strong><em>Environmental Microbiome<\/em><\/strong><\/a> by Arianna Grassi, Irene Pagliarani, Giorgia Cantini, Luciano Avio, Manuela Giovannetti, Monica Agnolucci and Alessandra Turrini of the Department of Agricultural, Food and Agro-Environmental Sciences at the University of Pisa sheds light on a <strong>still largely unexplored phenomenon<\/strong>: the bacterial communities living inside and around the spores of mycorrhizal fungi found in the rhizosphere of <em>Ammophila arenaria<\/em>, the common marram grass of Mediterranean dunes.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-508449 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/Microbiologia-autori-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/Microbiologia-autori-1.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/Microbiologia-autori-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.unipi.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/Microbiologia-autori-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mycorrhizal fungi are beneficial microorganisms that establish symbiotic relationships with the roots of most plants<\/strong>, supporting their nutrition and health, particularly in nutrient-poor and challenging environments such as coastal dunes. Their spores, however, are not isolated structures: they host bacterial communities whose distribution among different fungal taxa has so far remained poorly understood. The study focused on two fungal species particularly abundant in the rhizosphere of <em>Ammophila arenaria<\/em> in the marine sand dunes of the Park: <em>Racocetra fulgida<\/em> and <em>Racocetra persica<\/em>. These revealed a highly heterogeneous composition of bacterial communities associated with their respective spores. <strong>The real surprise emerged from the DNA analysis of the bacteria present in the samples, which revealed a very rich and diverse microbial community, with 69 genera associated with <em>R. persica<\/em> and 34 genera associated with <em>R. fulgida<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>These are not just any bacteria: the regular detection of Actinobacteria confirmed a relatively stable relationship with the fungal spores, and most of the identified bacteria belonged to cultivable genera and species with documented key beneficial functions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The study\u2019s most important conclusion concerns the role of fungal genotype<\/strong>: different fungi recruit highly diversified bacterial communities. In other words, <strong>each fungal species selectively \u201cchooses\u201d its own bacterial partners<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>These findings also open interesting perspectives for practical applications<\/strong>. Understanding these interactions in fragile dune ecosystems \u2014 crucial environments for combating coastal erosion and climate change \u2014 could in the future make it possible <strong>to develop targeted microbial inoculants for dune restoration and to improve plant resistance to drought<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A study reveals the hidden microbial world within the spores of mycorrhizal fungi colonising the coastal dunes of the Migliarino-San Rossore-Massaciuccoli Park<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":508446,"menu_order":3,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"tag-notizie-persone":[],"tags_news":[275],"categorie":[159],"class_list":["post-509692","news","type-news","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tags_news-department-of-agricultural-food-and-agro-environmental-sciences","categorie-unipinews-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - 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